Mixture of gold mercury method is a simple and ancient method. It is based on the fact that gold particles are easily wetted by mercury, and then mercury diffuses into the interior of the gold particles to form gold amalgam (containing amalgam) to capture natural gold. The amalgamation reaction can be expressed by the following formula:
Au+2Hg =AuHg 2
The composition of gold amalgam (paste) varies with its gold content. When the mercury is mixed, the surface of the gold particles is first wetted by mercury, and then the mercury diffuses into the interior of the gold particles to form AuHg 2 , AuAg , Au 3 Hg , and finally forms the solid solution Au 3 Hg in the mercury. When the amalgam is heated to above 375 °C, the mercury volatilizes in the form of elemental mercury, and the gold exists in the form of sponge gold.
Mercury amalgamation is generally not an independent process and often forms a joint process with other methods of separation. In most cases, amalgamation is only an aid to recovery.
Due to the poor working conditions of mercury operation, the labor intensity is large, it is easy to cause mercury poisoning, and the wastewater containing mercury should be purified. It is gradually being replaced by flotation or re-election.
However, the amalgamation method can recover the natural gold of the monomer, which can be used as a real estate gold, so it still occupies a certain position in the gold beneficiation . The principle flow of mercury amalgamation is shown below.
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