(1) Geological conditions. Xiangtan manganese ore manganese carbonate deposition exogenous shallow bed. The ore body has a thickness of 1.8 to 2.5 m and an inclination of 25 to 30 degrees. The ore is easily oxidized and spontaneously ignited. The direct roof is a blade-shaped black shale (f=2 to 5) with a thickness of 2 to 127 m. The upper part is a siliceous shale rich in fissure water. The bottom plate is a medium stable shale (f = 5 ~ 7). To prevent fires and floods, the filling mining method is used.
(2) Structural parameters. Figure 1 is a standard structural diagram of the wall-striped water sand filling mining method used in the mine.
Figure 1 Xiangtan manganese ore wall vertical slitting filling mining method
1-cut roadway; 2-double funnel; 3-single funnel; 4-stage transport lane; 5-fill pipe connection
6-filling pipeline; 7-end filter wall; 8-preparation filling zone; 9-filter partition
The length of the ore along the slope is mainly determined according to the effective transport distance of the eel, which is generally not more than 60m. The working face continues to advance along the direction without leaving a column. The length of the nugget along the strike is 60-80 m. [next]
(3) Adoption. The stage transportation roadway is excavated in the surrounding rock of the bottom plate. The inclination angle of the ore hopper is greater than 45°, and the spacing is 20~40m. The cutting roadway is digged in the ore body along the bottom of the ore body, and the upper part of the concentrating funnel is connected; the cutting of the upper stage The roadway is used as a filling pipe, return air and transportation material for the next stage of mining. The cutting up the mountain from the cutting lane every 60~80m along the strike line is connected with the cutting lane of the upper stage.
(4) Recovery. Due to the poor stability of the roof of the ore body, it is impossible to arrange a large amount of blastholes along the wall working face during mining, but only to tilt the rock upwards according to the width of the strip, and the amount of primary ore mining is small; The pillars are immediately installed with the working surface; the maximum suspended roof distance allows only two strip widths (4.8 m), the pillar spacing is 0.7 to 0.9 m, and the row spacing is 1.2 m. Use 30kw electric raft to mine.
(5) Filling. The filling of the mine is a crushed -40 mm gravel after the quarry has been harvested.
Filling preparation work includes cleaning the strip space to be filled, constructing a watertight structure, and installing a stope to fill the pipeline.
The sand-blocking filter structure commonly referred to as the stope is a drainage wall, which is composed of a column and a curtain woven by a high mast, straw, reed, etc. inside the main column, as shown in Fig. 2. Its function is to intercept the filling material in the planned emptying strips and let the water escape. Separate the mining face and the space to be fully equipped with a filter partition. The column wall is to add a column between each of the original columns and then hang the curtain. The end of the space to be filled is provided with a water filter wall at the end, and the column wall is a dense column, which is reinforced with a transverse brace on the outside of the column wall, and sometimes needs to be reinforced with scrap steel wire. The gap between the top beam and the top plate should be tightly closed with curtains or straw, and the curtain should be folded back 0.2m to prevent running sand. There is also a semi-filtered water wall that controls the direction of the water flow or further intercepts the mud. For this kind of water filtration wall, you only need to hang the sand curtain in the lower half.
Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of dewatering of the side wall of the Xiangtan mine
1-filter partition wall; 2-end filter wall; 3-half filter wall; 4-fill tube [next]
The hydraulically packed sandstone is removed from the bottom to the top and prefilled. The length of each segment and the number of detached struts are determined by the top plate. It can also be filled once without segmentation, but at this time the pillar recovery rate is very low. See Table 1 and Table 2 for the parameters and indicators of the wall vertical slit filling of the mine.
Table 1 Structural parameters of vertical slit filling mining method
Ore name | Mining method | Filling material | parameter | Remarks | ||||
Stage height (m) | Strip length (m) | Strip width (m) | Section height (m) | Bottom column height (m) | ||||
Xiangtan Manganese Mine Xiangxi gold mine Warnos Mine (Finland) Dresla Mine (Federal Germany) | Wall strip Continuous striping Continuous striping Stage striping | -400mm mountain sand Tailings Tailings, sand Concrete | 20~30 30 43.5 | 40~50 57~65 50~200 | 2.4 6~10 6 5~6 | 15 | 3.5 | Scraper transporting concrete |
Table 2 Technical and economic indicators of vertical slit filling mining method
Mine name | Xiangtan Manganese Mine | Xiangxi Gold Mine | Warnos Mine (Finland) | Dresla Mine (Federal Germany) | |
Mining ratio (m/kt) Ore production capacity (t/d) | 13.2 30~40 | 18.6 1267 (ton / month) | |||
Rock drilling efficiency | equipment | YT-25 | 7655 | TAMROCK trolley | Rock drilling rig |
Taiwan effect (ton / shift) | 15 | ||||
Mining efficiency | equipment | 13~30kw eDonkey | 28kw | scraper | scraper |
Taiwan effect (ton / shift) | 15 | ||||
Stop workers labor productivity (ton / work class) | 3~4 | 7.6 | 56.4 | ||
Loss rate (%) | 9 | 4 | 5 | ||
Depletion rate (%) | 10 | 6.7 | |||
Main material consumption | Material (m 3 /kt) | 18.5 | 0.4 | ||
Explosives (kg/t) | 0.26 | 0.23 | 0.41 | ||
cost | Mining workshop (yuan/ton) Direct (yuan/ton) Filling (yuan/ m3 ) | 23.85 6.78 8.31 | 4.55 1.37 | 6.75~0.25 USD/ton 5.75~7.25 USD/ton 6.5 USD / m 3 | |
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