Slurry feed fluidized boiling roasting is a new roasting technology developed in the 1940s. It was used in 1946 to treat the Welans gold mine in Canada, which is 12-15t of flotation gold concentrate. It is now widely used in more than a dozen mines and metallurgical plants in Canada, Australia, the United States, Japan and Zimbabwe. The slurry feed fluidization roasting process of Zhongyuan Smelter was officially put into operation in December 1990 using equipment and technology such as the Australian SP-65 constant volume hose pump. Output calcine leached after removal of copper and zinc cyanide.
The slurry feed fluidized roasting has a series of advantages such as less capital investment, low operating cost, less flue gas loss, and high SO 2 concentration, which is beneficial to acid production. The gold concentrate can be transported from the plant to the roasting plant. The roasting furnace feed usually uses 65% to 80% of the slurry containing solids without drying. The waste acid pulp discharged from the acid-making system can also be used for roasting, thereby improving the water solubility of impurities such as copper in the calcine and removing it by leaching, thereby reducing the consumption of the cyanidation agent and increasing the rate of gold.
According to the estimates of the Central Plains Smelter, the use of slurry feeds can save more than 300,000 yuan in infrastructure investment and 70kg in gold every year. Since the production was put into use, although the composition of raw materials entering the plant has changed greatly and the design requirements cannot be met, the production can still proceed normally and the expected effect is achieved.
Table 1 shows the production technical indicators of some slurry feed fluidized boiling roasting mines and smelters at home and abroad.
Table 1 Main technical indicators of slurry feed fluidized boiling roasting
Factory name | Production scale | Concentrate containing gold | Concentrate containing sulfur | Slurry concentration | Number of roasting sections | Calcination temperature | Hearth | |
∕t·d - 1 | ∕g·t - 1 | ∕% | ∕% | Stage | ∕°C | Diameter ∕m | Area ∕m 2 | |
Zhongyuan Smelter (middle) | 250 | 98 | 26.05 | 65～72 | 1 | 630 | 7.1 | 40 |
Wellens (plus) | 12-15 | 200 | 80 | 1 | 640~650 | |||
Campbell Lake (plus) | 72 | 230 | 78～80 | 2 | 560～590 650~760 | |||
Dickenson (plus) | 75 | 76 | 80 | 1 | 700 | |||
Kalgoli (Australia) | 140 | 100～160 | 32~34 | 65~70 | 1 | 650 | 5.8 | 26.4 |
North Kalgoorlie (Australia) | 75 | 50 | 37 | 65~70 | 1 | 650 | 4.25 | 14.19 |
Mixed Dala (Australia) | 80 | 40 | 70-75 | 2 | 650 | 3.1 | 7.53 | |
Clolo (US) | 30~35 | 310 | 78～80 | 1 | 620 | |||
Zarni (Jin) | 600 | 120～150 | 71～78 | 2 | 480～550 580~650 | |||
Kosaka (Japan) | 36.6 | 70 | 6.1 | 29.2 | ||||
Okayama (Japan) | 70 | 6.18 | 90 | |||||
Factory name | Furnace production capacity | Boiling layer height | Number of spray guns | Sneeze diameter | Spray gun capability | Squirt speed | |
∕t·h - 1 | ∕mm | One | ∕mm | ∕m 3 ·h - 1 | ∕t·h - 1 | ∕m·s | |
Zhongyuan Smelter (middle) | 10.4 | 1450 | 3 | 32 | 0.87 | 1.73 | 0.3 |
Wellens (plus) | 1525 | ||||||
Campbell Lake (plus) | 1625 | ||||||
Dickenson (plus) | 1270 | ||||||
Kalgoli (Australia) | 5.5~11 | 1500 | 4 | 25 | 0.95~1.96 | 1.38~2.75 | 0.74~1.11 |
North Kalgoorlie (Australia) | 2.7 to 3.3 | 2 | 25 | 0.95~1.2 | 1.35~1.65 | 0.54~0.68 | |
Mixed Dala (Australia) | 3.3 | 1200 | 3 | 25 | 0.79 | 1.65 | 0.45 |
Clolo (US) | |||||||
Zarni (Jin) | |||||||
Kosaka (Japan) | 1.4 to 5.5 | 1700 | 1 to 2 | 38 | 1.0 to 1.96 | 1.4 to 2.75 | 0.31～0.43 |
1. Clean the dirt on the surface in time
No matter leather shoes or leather clothes, they will be contaminated with dirt and dust as long as they are used. Therefore, they must be cleaned up every day after use. This can also prevent some dirt from staying on the leather for a long time, making it more difficult to clean the leather. When cleaning the surface, white vinegar can be used to mix with water, and then a cloth can be dipped on the leather to wipe off dirt and dust. If the dirt is serious and there is no proper detergent around, please send it to a professional organization for maintenance immediately.
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If it is made of genuine leather, you can choose natural animal oil, such as mink oil or salmon nourishing oil, which can help maintain leather. Different brands of animal oil have different absorption and ductility. For example, mink oil is cheap and easy to use, but it is difficult to push evenly, and the absorption effect is poor. In addition, it is not recommended to choose leather oil containing wax. Although it will be very shiny when smeared, excessive wax will affect the air permeability and shorten the life of leather.
3. Small wear can be repaired naturally
If there are some small scratches on the leather, you can use your fingertips, palms or cotton cloth to gently and slowly wipe, dip a little leather oil, and push along the scratches to slowly eliminate the small scratches.
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