See the relevant knowledge of the engine room fire door to see if you understand?

This paper sorts the classification basis of the fire door of the machine room, the difference between the electric control fire door and the ordinary fire door, the precautions and the installation method.

First, the classification basis

(1) Classified by material

There are wooden fire doors, steel fire doors, steel fire doors, other fire doors, etc.;

1, wooden fire door

Use fire-resistant wood or flame-retardant wood products as door frames, door leaf frames, and door leaf panels.

2, steel fire door

The door frame, the door leaf frame and the door leaf panel are made of steel material, and if the material is filled in the door leaf, the fireproof and heat insulating material which is non-toxic and harmless to the human body is filled, and the door with certain fire resistance performance composed of fireproof hardware parts is matched.

3, other material fire doors

Use inorganic non-combustible materials other than steel, flame-retardant wood or non-combustible wood products or partially use steel, flame-retardant wood, and flame-retardant wood products to make door frames, door leaf frames, door leaf panels, and fill materials in the door leaf to fill A fire-proof and heat-insulating material that is non-toxic and harmless to the human body, and is equipped with a fire-resistant hardware fitting with a certain fire-resistant door.

(B), according to the use of function classification

There are access fire doors, indoor fire doors, explosion-proof fire doors, fast-locking fire doors, fire doors quickly open in case of fire;

(3) According to technology

There are electronic fire doors, multi-functional fire doors with built-in fire door closers, etc.; they are divided into normally closed fire doors and normally open fire doors according to the open state.

Normally closed fire doors are generally composed of fire door fans, door frames, door closers, sealing strips, etc. Double or multiple normally closed fire doors are also equipped with sequencers. Normally closed fire doors usually do not require electrical professional to provide self-control design, but there are also some special circumstances such as: normally closed fire doors on evacuation channels. When some large construction parties have management requirements such as anti-theft, they should be designed by electrical professional. It may reduce the security risks in an all-round way. For normally open fire doors, it is necessary to add a fire door release switch in addition to all the accessories with normally closed fire doors, and must be provided by the electrical professional to provide self-control design. It is usually applied to evacuation channels with a large flow of people.

(4) Thermal insulation

Insulated fire door (Class A)

A fire door that meets both fire integrity and insulation requirements for a specified period of time.

Partially insulated fire door (Class B)

Fire doors that meet fire resistance integrity and insulation requirements within 0.50 h or less.

Main difference

The difference between the anti-theft door and the fire door is that the main function of the anti-theft door is that the anti-smashing sealing performance is better. Generally, the door cannot be opened without a key outside the door, and the filler in the door panel is not a fireproof material. The security door must have the "FAM" mark and refer to the general technical condition GB17565-2007. Although the fire door is also made of steel, but the door panel is filled with fireproof material, the thickness of the door steel plate also has different requirements. The steel door is an ordinary steel door. It also has a certain anti-theft function, but the anti-smashing performance is relatively poor. The general street processing factory is this type.

Only Shanghai and Chengdu have local standards for fire-resistant security doors. In other places, they can only be called fire-proof entrance doors, that is, they can reach the national fire-proof Class A or Class B fire door standards, and (with fire door cores) Class A and Class B standards. Generally divided by anti-burning time. At the same time, the flood prevention requirements are achieved in the following aspects:

1. The thickness of the door frame is 1.5, and the thickness of the front and back of the door leaf is 0.8.

2. The lock has anti-smashing function, that is, the lock body has both the oblique locking tongue and the square locking tongue. It has a quick opening function, and the twisting type is better, but the heaven and earth lock is not allowed.

3, locks and cat eyes must have fire detection report, Class B fire door can be installed door collar, Class A is not allowed to install.

4. At the time of acceptance, the merchant shall provide a fireproof type approval certificate, a fire detection report, and a metal entry door inspection report. Fire detection report for locks and cat eyes.

5. The opening direction of the door leaf is the direction of rapid evacuation, and it cannot be opened inside.
6, wooden insulation fire door

Second, the difference between electronically controlled fire doors and ordinary fire doors:

difference:

Emergency and statistical functions, the system can automatically display the physical location of the designated cardholder on the computer, so that it can be contacted in time.

In the event of an emergency such as a fire, the electronically controlled fire door will automatically open for easy escape, and the entrance and exit can also be automatically opened; when an illegal entry or exit occurs, it will automatically alarm;

Wooden insulated fire door national standard

Wood insulated fire doors refer to wood or wood products used as door frames, door leaf frames, door leaf panels, door panels filled with thermal insulation materials or wooden doors made of wood or wood products as door frames and door leaves. Class A can also be installed on the door leaf. The composite fireproof glass and the door leaf are provided with a bright window composed of a door frame and a type A composite fireproof glass, and are equipped with fireproof hardware components to meet the fire integrity and heat insulation.

Wood insulated fire doors are classified into Class A, Class B and Class C according to fire resistance. The fire resistance requirements are 90min, 60min and 30min respectively. The wood used for making solid wood fire doors needs to be dried and flame retarded. The water content should not exceed 12%. When restricted by conditions, the moisture content during production should not be greater than the local equilibrium moisture content.

The hardware accessories used for wood insulated fire doors must be fire resistant hardware accessories. The main hardware accessories are: fire hinges (hinge), fireproof bolts, fire door locks, fire sequencers and fire door closers.

Fire resistance of wood-insulated fire doors In the case of fire resistance testing, wood-insulated fire doors shall be able to meet the conditions specified in the standard within the time required for their fire resistance.

1 integrity:

There is no flame that burns continuously for more than 10s on the backfire surface; if there are cracks, holes or other pores on the backfire surface and there is no flame, the combustibles at a distance of 20mm~30mm from these pores cannot be within 10s~30s. Ignition; the sample cannot collapse.

2 insulation:

When the average temperature rise of the temperature measurement point on the solid wood fire door reaches 140 °C or the temperature rise of any temperature measurement point reaches 180 °C, the insulation loss is judged.

Third, matters needing attention

There are many types of fire doors: glass fire doors, stainless steel fire doors, ordinary steel fire doors, but the installation method is basically the same according to the situation on the site, there are some common installation parameters must pay attention.

First, the installation of fire doors should be in accordance with the type of fire doors used, and the appropriate installation method should be adopted.

Second, the door frame of the fire door can be fixed with the expansion bolt and the wall, or the iron piece can be embedded at the hole when the wall is built, and the connection of the door frame is firmly welded during installation.

3. Regardless of the connection method used for the door frame and the wall, each side shall be no less than 3 anchor points and shall be firmly connected.

4. When installing the fire door, it should be straightened and hoisted first. After the size is appropriate, temporarily fix it, and make corrections and adjustments. After the error is correct, the connection can be anchored.

5. The sliding door is required to be pushed and pulled flexibly after installation; the swing door is easy to open and the closing is tight and firm.

Sixth, the door closer must be installed on the fire door, and the sequencer should be installed on the door.

7. Hardware accessories such as handles and fire locks on fire doors must be complete;

8. The clearance between the requirements and the ground plane should be no more than 5mm.

Steel fire doors are moderately priced, but they are self-contained, open and laborious, and monotonous and not aesthetically pleasing. Therefore, they are mostly used in industrial buildings and general-grade civil buildings, or in buildings where low aesthetic requirements and low traffic flow are small (such as In the opposite direction, the wooden fire door has light weight, flexible opening and closing, good appearance and good decoration, and more patterns, but the price is higher, and it is mostly used in medium-to-high-grade civil buildings or important occasions in buildings. . Generally, the upper limit opening size applicable to each fire door is about 3.3m high, 1.1m wide - single fan, and 3.0m double fan. In engineering design, in addition to strictly setting the fire door according to the occasion, location, width, grade and opening direction of the specification, it should be noted that:

Fire doors are generally located on evacuation routes (such as stairwells, front rooms, walkways, etc.). The slight attention paid to the design of the flat surface of the building may cause the door to open and block the evacuation path, reduce its effective width, and violate the basic requirements for evacuation. . This phenomenon is particularly prominent in the transition path of evacuation routes and high-rise residential buildings, which should be paid attention to and avoided.

Evacuation port problem leading to adjacent partitions

Under certain conditions, when a Class A fire door leading to an adjacent fire zone is provided, only one safety exit is allowed in each zone in the high-rise building. It should be noted that since the fire door can only be opened in one direction, if there are only one safety exit in the two adjacent partitions, two fire doors should be set on the firewall and opened separately on both sides to meet the two partitions. The need to evacuate each other.

The most commonly used is the normally closed fire door. Its door leaf is always closed. When the personnel pass, the door is manually opened and closed by the rear door leaf. If the push bolt hardware is installed, it is more convenient to speed up the evacuation. However, normally closed fire doors installed in public passages have the disadvantages of affecting ventilation and lighting, obstructing sight, and inconvenient transportation when used normally. If the management is not good, the door closers and the opening and closing hardware are often destroyed and malfunction, resulting in safety hazards. . The normally open fire door appeared to solve the above problem. Usually, the door leaf is fixed in the open position by the door fixer, and the door opener is automatically released during the fire to restore the same function as the normally closed fire door. Due to the addition of the door closer and automatic release system, sometimes it is also linked with the automatic alarm system. The use of a normally open fire door will inevitably increase the project cost. The current fire protection regulations do not impose mandatory rules on how to open and close the fire doors. The designers can consider the standard level of the building, the characteristics of the use occasions, the management needs of the building users and the economic factors.

Fourth, the installation method

Fire doors are divided into materials: steel fire doors and wooden fire doors. There are some details on the installation methods. The fire rating is also slightly different. Everyone must pay attention to the details when installing.

First of all, when the wooden fire door is installed, the size of the door frame should be 20mm smaller than the hole, and the bottom of the door frame should be buried 20mm below the ground. The door frame should be fixed firmly to the wall and perpendicular to the corner. Lit, the poles should pay close attention to the straight angle and avoid the sawing. There should be no less than 3 fixed points on both sides of the door frame, and the spacing should not be greater than 800mm.

Secondly, in the process of installing the steel fire door, considering the bending deformation of the door frame, it should be supported by the wooden raft in the width direction of the door frame, the foot frame is buried under the ground 20mm, and the door frame and the embedded part on the wall body. welding. Then open a hole in the upper corner of the door frame, fill the concrete, sand, expanded perlite (1:2:5) concrete, and then use the concrete after it has solidified. Fire doors have airtight requirements:

The national standard has clear requirements for the gap size of each joint of the fire door: for steel fire doors, the overlap between the fan and the door frame is required to be no less than 10mm, and the gap between the fan and the door frame should not be greater than 4mm. The gap after the installation of the fire door is not too large, otherwise the sealing performance of the fire door is difficult to guarantee, and it is difficult to reflect the fire and smoke spread under fire conditions.

Therefore, the width of the seam installed in the fire door must be strictly controlled. According to the installation of these standard specifications, the effective function of the fire door can be guaranteed to a certain extent. Consumers must supervise the construction unit when they hire the construction unit to prevent them from cutting corners and other problems, so that the fire door will not be in the event of a fire. Causing casualties.