0 Preface
The recovery of pillars and residual mines faces many difficulties such as large safety hazards, difficult operation and low efficiency. It is a difficult problem for underground mining mines to improve recovery rate and eliminate safety hazards [1-11]. Fankou lead zinc ore mine built in 50 years, 40 years mining, underground resources condition is getting worse, leaving a large number of top hard-pillar mining resources, ore residue, safe and efficient recovery of these resources, mining resources to improve The utilization rate and the continuation of the mining period have an irreplaceable significance.
In recent years, Fankou Mine has vigorously promoted equipment to replace manual operations. By introducing advanced equipment such as remote-controlled scraper, remote-controlled crusher, rock drilling rig, and anchor truck, the mechanization level has reached the domestic advanced level. And with the extensive cooperation with domestic research institutes, the mining methods and mining process improvements have been carried out, and safe and efficient mechanized mining technology and equipment such as VCR and trolley have been vigorously promoted, and the proportion of mechanized mining has been continuously improved. At the same time, the training has created a group of high-quality professional and technical personnel, and established a deep drilling team and mechanized mining work area, which has created better conditions for mechanized mining of difficult mining.
1 stop field experiment
1.1 blast hole design
Taking the back mining of Sh-320mS3-4# bottom column as an example, the stope enters from 0.8m horizontal slope to 0.8m. The rock structure of the stope is broken, containing more muddy, and the west of the stope is F3 fault, fault The development of joints and local seepage of the roof is difficult for mining.
During the recovery of the stope, the drilling of the drilling rig is used to construct the upward drilling. A total of 172 holes are constructed. The specific arrangement is as follows: the height of the stop is about 3.5m, and the height of the bottom of the floor is away from the first floor of the Sh-320mS3-4# stop. 7.1m.
The upward drilling hole is designed with a height of 3.0m from the bottom plate as the reference surface (see Figure 1). The inclination of the two pillars is 70°, and the depth is constructed according to the thickness of the stop. There are 3 holes in the south pillar of the stope, in which 15° is applied to the hole of the top plate, and 3 inclined holes are arranged on the top plate, the angles are 30°, 50°, 70° respectively, and 0.3m is reserved from the upper filling body of the stope. The thickness (the side holes of the north and south gangs hit the filling body or the control line) to ensure that the top plate filling body is not damaged as much as possible after the blasting; the grooved area is an artificial drawing groove, and the grooved way is a diamond-shaped diagonal groove, arranged 4 venting holes, the slotted mesh parameter is 1.0m×1.0m; the side blasting zone is arranged with 7 holes in each row, the side hole is at the control line, and the side blasting zone mesh parameter is (1.4~) 1.6) m × 1.4m, considering the original Sh-320mS3-4# stop field to pull the bottom floor is not flat, it is required to make a front hole every two rows to find the thickness of the ore body.
1.2 blasting design
1.2.1 Blasting parameters
The loading section of the trough area is 1#, 3#, 5#, 7#, 8#, the east loading position of the trough area is 9#~18#, and the suit medicine section is 11#~19#.
After the detonation of the trough area, the straight holes of the east and west roofs collapse into the trough area respectively, and the blast hole of the north side of the filling body lags behind a blast to protect the filling body; after the vertical hole of the top plate is blasted, the blastholes of the column are sequentially blasted, starting from the east and west sides of 9# The pillar blastholes are respectively collapsed toward the middle side, and the bottom plate holes are delayed by a blast, and then the slanting holes of the top plate. The inclined hole of the roof plate is equipped with two detonators for each hole, and the detonating cord is folded into the hole; the mine shaft is equipped with a single detonator, connected by a detonating cord, and two detonators are installed in the bottom hole; Connected with detonating cords, the blastholes are blocked with gun mud and 1~1.2m. The 172 blastholes in the stope have a total charge of 1200kg, the blasting capacity is 3100t, the single consumption is 0.39kg/t, and the line loading coefficient is 0.75.
1.2.2 Charge connection
The charging connection is carried out strictly according to the blasting parameters (see Figure 2 and Figure 3). The site is staffed by professional technicians to ensure the blasting effect.
2 shovel operation
After the blasting of the stope, the ore block is evenly distributed, and the two gangs of the stope and the -320m one-segment S3-4# bottom-layer filling body are well protected, which creates safe conditions for the subsequent shovel mining operation.
The mining is carried out by using the remote-controlled scraper. When the mine is shovel, the person does not enter the gob area, and the remote control room is remotely operated in the remote control room to ensure the safe and efficient shovel process. After the shovel is finished, the goaf is filled with the existing filling system.
3 conclusions
In recent years, Fankou Mine has fully utilized the advantages of advanced equipment, carried out mining technology innovation, and relied on technological innovation and equipment improvement to improve mining efficiency. According to statistics, from 2006 to 2014, the proportion of mechanized mining of Fankou lead-zinc mine increased from 12.88% to 68%, and the injury rate of million tons decreased from 35.98% to 2.19%, achieving significant safety benefits. And economic benefits, especially after the mechanized mining of the difficult mining and mining, the use of equipment instead of manual work, effectively ensure the safe and efficient mining, and has the promotion value.
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Source: Mining Technology: 2016, 16(3);
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