Heap leaching scale formation process

factor

effect

pH value

When the high pH increases the absorption of CO _2, reducing the opening of soluble CaCO _3, a force balancing helps HCO ₃ ^- generating CO ₃ ^{2 -}

temperature

The solubility of CaCO ₃ is inversely proportional to the temperature, so it will cause precipitation and scale formation when the temperature is high.

Turbulent flow

Nucleation occurs in high turbulence areas due to system pressure, resulting in crystal growth and scale formation

pressure

A rapid drop in pressure will cause the solution to become unstable, causing nucleation and subsequent crystal growth and precipitation.

Flow rate

When the flow rate is slow, it can affect the rate of fine nuclear growth or repeated dissolution, and the well increases the sedimentation rate.

Inflatable

The solution system is inflated, increasing the likelihood of final fouling due to the increased CO ₂ entering the solution and the subsequent formation of CO ₃ ^{2 -}